Spinel Coated Graphite for Carbon Containing Refractory
J Am Ceram Soc 92 8 1895–1900 2009 DOI 10 1111/j 2009 03133 x r 2009 The American Ceramic Society Journal Spinel Coated Graphite for Carbon Containing Refractory Castables Sunanda Mukhopadhyay w Sarbasree Dutta Sheikh A Ansar Sumita Das and Susmita Misra Department of Chemical Technology University of Calcutta Kolkata 700 009 India Oxidation
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Evolution of an alumina magnesia/self forming spinel
Refractories containing magnesium aluminate spinel MgAl 2 O 4 are materials for emerging technology in several applications like cement and steelmaking processes In order to deep the understanding of these castables this work presents the microstructural characteristics of an alumina magnesia/self forming spinel castable
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Selection of binders for in situ spinel refractory
1 IntroductionAlumina–magnesia castables are widely known for their expansive behavior due to in situ spinel MgAl 2 O 4 formation at temperatures higher than 1000 °C 1 2 3 Various parameters can affect this reaction the MgO1 3 and alumina 4 grain sizes the microsilica content 5 6 the refractory aggregates nature 7 among others In addition the binder system selected for this
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EPB1Magnesium aluminate spinel bonded refractory
EPB1 EP EPA EPB1 EP B1 EP B1 EP B1 EP EP EP EP A EP A EP A EP B1 EP B1 EP B1 Authority EP European Patent Office Prior art keywords alumina refractory magnesium aluminate matrix less Prior art date Legal status
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Melt Shop RefractoriesVesuvius
Melt Shop Refractories for Iron Furnaces and Ladles Today s melt shop is under increasing pressure to improve productivity temperature control metal cleanliness A broad range of monolithic and precast products are available and Foseco personnel are on hand to offer advice on product selection maintenance and design
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Selection of binders for in situ spinel refractory
The expansive behavior of alumina–magnesia refractory castables is usually associated with in situ spinel formation Nevertheless when bonded with calcium aluminate cement CAC this class of materials can present additional expansion reactions due to CA 2 and CA 6 formation
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Improvement in Slag Resistance of No Cement Refractory
The corrosion resistance of spinel containing cement bonded castables has been extensively investigated in the past However corrosion of no cement refractory castables NCC has not been widely studied since the use of NCC has been relatively limited up till now This paper focuses on the slag resistance of NCCs and the often used spinel containing low cement castable LCC is used as the
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Novel calcium hexaluminate/spinel alumina composites with
Calcium hexaluminate CA 6 was incorporated into the matrix of magnesio aluminate spinel alumina MA A via infiltration of a porous preform fabricated from α Al 2 O 3 and MgO powders with a saturated calcium acetate solution and subsequent firing forming CA 6 MA A functionally composites with graded fracture toughness Actually the porous preform was partially and perpendicularly
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Study of Spinel Containing High Alumina Castable with
High alumina castable with presynthesized and in situ spinel formation is studied using two different lime containing high alumina cements Vibratable castable compositions were studied by conventional processing using a distribution coefficient of 0 29 and heat treatments at 110 900 and 1500°C Slightly lower density and strength values were
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Effects of TiO2 addition on the expansion behavior of
Alumina–magnesia refractory castables bonded with calcium aluminate cement CAC have several advantages including suitable workability mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance Moreover the in situ spinel could be generated by the reaction between the free magnesia and alumina in the castables matrix at high temperatures
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USAMagnesia alumina type spinel clinker and
The refractory can thus be applied to the fields of cement rotary kiln refractories refractories for iron making steel making and nonferrous refining and the like A magnesia alumina type spinel clinker contains Fe 2 O 3 and TiO 2 at boundaries between crystal grains and a refractory produced by using the clinker has excellent corrosion resistance and cement coating properties
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Nanotechnology in Refractory Castables An Overview
In recent times nanotechnology has gained significant attention in the field of refractory research As the unshaped refractory especially the castable is becoming of prime importance in refractory research a good amount of work is going on globally to study the effect of nanotechnology on castables The Effect of different nano oxide binders formed from colloidal bonding agents and nano
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Microstructure and phase evolution of alumina–spinel self
When the nano alumina particles refractory castables contains alumina tabular and spinel come into contact with the matrix in the process of sintering the aggregate that linked together by refractory castable matrix transference will happen from small nano sized particles to big The matrix of these refractory castables comprising of nano sized particles or big particles because of the difference of calcium aluminate cement hydrates with reactive alumina
Get PriceEffects of SnO2 Addition on the Properties of Alumina
Apparent porosity of the alumina magnesia refractory castables containing SnO 2 under different conditions Figure 3 XRD patterns and major phase composition of alumina magnesia castables containing SnO 2 a b 1450˚C 0 h and c d 1450˚C 5 h Cold modulus of rupture values for alumina magnesia castables after firing at 1450˚C
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Improvement in Slag Resistance of No Cement Refractory
The pre formed spinel containing cement bonded castable labelled LCC SP was chosen as a reference mix in which no microsilica was added The cement content was 7 0 wt Tabular alumina T60 Almatis Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany and alumina rich spinel AR 78 Almatis Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany were used as aggregates
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A magnesium aluminate spinel bonded refractory can be formed which does not exhibit undue expansion due to the reaction of magnesia and alumina to form magnesium aluminate spinel between the raw
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Effect of Spinel Kinds on Properties of Alumina Spinel
Effect of spinel kinds on the properties of alumina spinel castables was investigated The results showed that the addition of various kinds of spinels has an effect on the physical and mechanical properties of these refractory castables The reason is that the Al2O3‐rich spinel precipitated Al2O3 and MgO‐rich spinel solid solution and formed secondary spinel In addition stable spinel
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Latest Development in Refractory Monolithics
one is based on Tabular and Spinel aggregates and the second one is based on Bauxite The sample bars with dimensions of 160x40x20mm were placed in the furnace for 5h at 1550°C being supported at both ends Figure 1 shows that the sample based on tabular/spinel is still completely flat and the sample based on bauxite is completely warped
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Papersrefractories worldforum
Keywords corrosion mechanism CMA calcium aluminate microstructure refractory castables alumina spinel alumina magnesia spinel CA6 Abstract References Full Article New Perspectives for Investigating the Softening Behaviour of Refractory Products at High Temperature Erwan Brochen Christian Dannert Pascal Pilate Volume 7 Issue 4
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Slag attack evaluation of in situ spinel containing
The presence of an alumina rich spinel phase layer containing CA 2 grains close to the tabular alumina aggregates and at the slag–matrix interface reinforce the efficient role of the spinel phase in trapping ions from the slag inhibiting the refractory wearing Therefore the calcium aluminate cement replacement for hydratable alumina as the binder source is a suitable alternative to improve the
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USAMagnesia alumina type spinel clinker and
A magnesia alumina type spinel clinker contains Fe 2 O 3 and TiO 2 at boundaries between crystal grains and a refractory produced by using the clinker has excellent corrosion resistance and cement coating properties The refractory can thus be applied to the fields of cement rotary kiln refractories refractories for iron making steel making and nonferrous refining and the like
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Spinel containing alumina based refractory castables
These spinels have either magnesia rich or stoichiometric composition In the late 1980 s spinel containing alumina refractories were also developed especially castables for steel ladle lining in Japan However magnesia rich spinels have shown disadvantages for such applications because they are designed to contain traces of free magnesia
Get PriceIron LadleHarbisonWalker International Refractory
The iron ladle is often used as a refining vessel to decrease the sulfur content in the molten iron This desulfurization process is detrimental to the refractory lining due to the turbulence created Consequently iron ladle maintenance is required on a regular basis HarbisonWalker International offers two different lining designs for iron
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From Macro to Nanomagnesia Designing the in situ Spinel
Magnesia grain size affects the in situ spinel formation kinetics and expansion of alumina–magnesia refractory castables The use of coarse grains results in a large expansion and delays the reaction s starting temperature In this work the addition of an MgO source with different grain sizes from macro Dmax≤0 1 mm to nano D50≤20 nm led to a broad linear expansion range 6 –2
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Evolution of in Situ Refractories in the 20th Century
Feng Wang Pingan Chen Xiangcheng Li and Boquan Zhu Effect of micro spinel powders addition on the microstructure and properties of alumina refractory castables Ceramics International 10 1016/j ceramint 2018 10 049 2018
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B/TIB Hannover PROCEEDINGSgbv
An Approachto Formulate Spinel Forming Castables 19 ChristopherD Parr ThomasA Bier MichelVialle CatherineRevais Influenceof MicrosilicaAdditiononthe Properties of Alumina Spinel Castables 22 Yung ChaoKo Microstructural Studies on BindingSystemsof Self Flowing Refractory Castables 26 Florin Esanu T Troczynski G Oprea EffectofPozzolanic
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Value Enhancement Through Engineered Alumina
forming castable Fired spinel bricks Thickness mm 140 Ladle campaign heats 114 140 Such capacity increases are possible until the maximum crane weight becomes the limiting factor In such cases a focus is also given on the weight of the refractory lining Alumina refractories based on sintered aggregates typically have a lower
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Materials formed by refractory grains bound in a matrix of
The refractory component according to claim 10 wherein constituent A is selected from the group consisting of electrically fused or sintered corundums mullite alumina zirconia system materials magnesia MgO Al 2 O 3 spinel and pure or partially stabilized zirconias having a particle size of at least 50 μm electrically fused materials
Get PricePorogenesis in the Alumina Brucite Magnesia Spinel System
In this study calcined alumina and mixtures of magnesium hydroxide Mg OH 2 or brucite and magnesium oxide MgO or magnesia were combined with the aim of maximizing the generation of pores after brucite dehydroxylation and volumetric expansion during spinel formation
Get PriceWHITE FUSED ALUMINA VERSUS TABULAR ALUMINA
corrosion mechanism of spinel forming and spinel containing refractory castables in lab and plant conditions study on fractal characteristics of slag corrosion interface topography of magnesia based castables an investigation on the effects of particle size distribution on the properties and flowability of alumina spinel self flow
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PDF Thermomechanical Behavior of High Alumina Refractory
J Am Ceram Soc 83 10 2481–90 2000 journal Thermomechanical Behavior of High Alumina Refractory Castables with Synthetic Spinel Additions Fabien Simonin † Christian Olagnon † Sandrine Maximilien and Gilbert Fantozzi Institut National des Sciences Applique´es INSA Groupe d Etudes de Me´tallurgie Physique et de Physique des Mate´riaux GEMPPM UMR 5510 F69621
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Novel calcium hexaluminate/spinel alumina composites with
Calcium hexaluminate CA6 was incorporated into the matrix of magnesio aluminate spinel alumina MA A via infiltration of a porous preform fabricated from α Al2O3 and MgO powders with a
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Study of Spinel Containing High Alumina Castable with
High alumina castable with presynthesized and in situ spinel formation is studied using two different lime containing high alumina cements Vibratable castable compositions were studied by conventional processing using a distribution coefficient of 0 29 and heat treatments at 110 900 and 1500°C Slightly lower density and strength values were found for in situ spinel forming compositions
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Industrial Minerals Networking IMFORMEDRefractory
Spinel forming refractories such as alumina magnesia castables and alumina magnesia carbon bricks have a self healing property by closing joints in the refractory lining The low thermal conductivity of alumina refractories compared to carbon and graphite containing basic materials leads to significantly lower heat losses in steel ladles
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Keywords corrosion mechanism CMA calcium aluminate microstructure refractory castables alumina spinel alumina magnesia spinel CA6 Abstract References Full Article New Perspectives for Investigating the Softening Behaviour of Refractory Products at High Temperature Erwan Brochen Christian Dannert Pascal Pilate Volume 7 Issue 4
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Development of monolithic refractoriesBioKeram
Spinels used in castables are either of stoichiometric composition or in the high alumina composition range as magnesia rich compositions create problems of hydration of the magnesia Spinel reinforced or spinel added castables fine spinel grains added to the matrix and spinel forming castables have gained popularity Gunning mixes
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